Class 12 History: Bhartiya Itihas ke Kuch Vishay (Bhag I)

Pehla Chapter: Bricks, Beads and Bones - Harappan Sanskriti

Yeh chapter humein Harappan ya Indus Valley Civilization ke baare mein batata hai. Ismein hum archaeology ke sources, excavation techniques, aur is puratva Sanskriti ko samajhne ke tareekon par focus karenge. Yeh dekhte hain ki kaise historians aur archaeologists ne mohenjodaro, harappa jaise sthalon se praapt samagri se itihaas ki rachana ki.

Links for Chapter-wise Download NCERT Book for Class 12 भारतीय इतिहास के कुछ विषय भाग I in hindi Language

Here we have provided NCERT Book for Class 12 भारतीय इतिहास के कुछ विषय भाग I in hindi Language, Just select the chapters below to get Exemplar Solution of the same:

Prelims

ईंटें, मनके तथा अस्थियाँ (हड़प्पा सभ्यता)

राजा, किसान और नगर

बंधुत्व, जाति तथा वर्ग

विचारक, विश्वास और इमारतें

Bhartiya Itihas ke Kuch Vishay - Harappan Sanskriti Ka Adhyayan

NCERT ki Class 12 ki yeh history book, 'Bhartiya Itihas ke Kuch Vishay Bhag I', ka shuruwati chapter Harappan Sanskriti ko samarpit hai. Iska uddeshya students ko yeh samajhna hai ki kaise hum praachin kal ke baare mein jaante hain, khaas kar ke wo samay jahan likhit saboot kam hote hain.

Harappan Civilization: Ek Parichay

Harappan Sanskriti, jo ki lagbhag 2600 BCE se 1900 BCE tak flouriSh hui, ek vyapak urban civilization thi. Iske pramukh kendron mein Harappa, Mohenjodaro, Dholavira, Kalibangan aadi shamil hain. Is civilization ki khoj 1920s mein hui thi.

Itihaas ke Sources: Archaeology ke Aayine Mein

Is chapter ka mukhya vishay yeh hai ki history likhne ke liye hum kin sources ka sahara lete hain.

• Excavations (Khodai): Mohenjodaro jaise sthalon ki khodai se mili vastuayein jaise bricks, beads, bones, tools iske pramukh sources hain.
• Structures ki Architecture: Well-planned cities, drainage system, citadels, aur granaries is civilization ki advanced planning ko darshate hain.
• Artefacts aur Crafts: Pottery, seals, metal objects, jewellery se unke craft, technology aur vyapar ke baare mein pata chalta hai.
• Script: Harappan lipi abhi tak na padhi ja saki hai, jo ek badi chunauti hai.

Historical Challenges aur Interpretations

Is Sanskriti ka adhyayan kai sawal uthata hai. Kya is Sanskriti ka antar hai? Iske patan ka kya karan tha? Iske religious beliefs kya the? Historians in sawalon ka uttar alag-alag sources aur theories ke aadhar par dene ki koshish karte hain. Yeh chapter inhi vivaadon aur unke analysis par bhi prakash daalta hai.

Chapter ka Mahatva

Yeh chapter students ko sirf facts nahi, balki itihaas ke banne ki prakriya se bhi parichit karata hai. Ye seekhne ko milta hai ki evidence ka analysis kaise hota hai, aur kaise ek incomplete picture ko historical narrative mein badla jata hai. Yeh critical thinking ko encourage karta hai.

Samanya taur par, yeh chapter Harappan civilization ki khoj, uski visheshtayein, aur use padhne ki vidhiyon par ek gambhir drishtikon pradan karta hai, jo class 12 ke history ke course ka ek mool adhaar hai.